The enlarged and bulbous-shaped end of the corpus spongiosum forms the glans penis, which supports the foreskin or prepuce, a loose fold of skin that in adults can retract to expose the glans. The area on the underside of the penis, where the foreskin is attached, is called the frenum (or frenulum).
Anatomical diagram of a human penis
The urethra, which is the last part of the urinary tract, traverses the corpus spongiosum, and its opening, known as the meatus (pronounced /miːˈeɪtəs/), lies on the tip of the glans penis. It is a passage both for urine and for the ejaculation of semen. Sperm are produced in the testes and stored in the attached epididymis. During ejaculation, sperm are propelled up the vas deferens, two ducts that pass over and behind the bladder. Fluids are added by the seminal vesicles and the vas deferens turns into the ejaculatory ducts, which join the urethra inside the prostate gland. The prostate as well as the bulbourethral glands add further secretions, and the semen is expelled through the penis.
The raphe is the visible ridge between the lateral halves of the penis, found on the ventral or underside of the penis, running from the meatus (opening of the urethra) across the scrotum to the perineum (area between scrotum and anus).
The human penis differs from those of most other mammals, as it has no baculum, or erectile bone, and instead relies entirely on engorgement with blood to reach its erect state. It cannot be withdrawn into the groin, and it is larger than average in the animal kingdom in proportion to body mass.
Erection
looks like erection process fast and simple, but it is a process that complicated and require the cooperation of many systems in the body. The process had started and the brain, nervous system, blood vessels until the hormone also involved in this specific body functions. When the body receives sexual stimulation through sight, touching, smelling, fantasy (fantasy) and etc. then the recipient will immediately react to sexual stimulation and send messages to the nervous system that hypothalamus and then proceeded to move down through wedulla spinal or spinal cord. Furthermore, through the nucleus or nuclei in the autonomic nerves S2-4 (vertebrae sacralis) forwarded to the network- erectile tissue in the corpora cavernosa. Inside this erectil network, produced a variety of neurotransmitter.
One of the very role is to create a penile erection is NO (nitrogen oxide). NO generated from oxygen and L-Arginine on nitric oxide synthase under control. After forming, NO released from neurons and endothelial sinusoids in the corpora cavernosa. NO into smooth muscle cells that activate an enzyme called guanilyl cyclase. Guanilyl guanosine cyclase subsequent change triphosphat (GTP) into cyclic guanosine Monophosphat (cGMP). Through a chemical process, cGMP-making muscle in the corpora cavernosa smooth muscle in trabekels and in the arterioles-experiencing arterioles relaxation so that all the blood vessels in Corpora cavernosa as well as sinusoids will experience a widening or enlargement. Furthermore cavities (sinusoids) are full of blood so that the penis grows. Cavities which filled it then pressing the veins (vein) in close so that blood can not be out of Corpora cavernosa and blood trapped in the corpora cavernosa and the penis grew bigger until hard. During process that happens, continue to arise in the sexual impulses in the brain and resulting relaxation of smooth muscles in the wall blood vessels and causing trabekel-dilatation (widening) blood vessels and enlargement sinusoids then the penis will continue to harden.
In some methods of enlarging the penis, corpora cavernosa and surrounding tissue of other sponges is the part that developed within those methods. By enlarging the space inside the spongy tissue, it will get large spaces that later fills with blood during erection process.
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